Pengaruh pengetahuan gizi dan status gizi terhadap kualitas hidup lansia di Posyandu Kampung Bambar, Kabupaten Jayapura
The influence of nutritional knowledge and nutritional status on the quality of life of elderly at the posyandu in Kampung Bambar, Jayapura Regency
Keywords:
Pengetahuan gizi, status gizi, kualitas hidup, lansia, PapuaAbstract
Penuaan populasi di Indonesia termasuk di wilayah pedesaan Papua, menimbulkan tantangan baru dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi dan peningkatan kualitas hidup lansia. Pengetahuan gizi dan status gizi merupakan dua faktor penting yang dapat memengaruhi kesejahteraan lansia secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan gizi dan status gizi dengan kualitas hidup lansia di Posyandu Kampung Bambar, Kabupaten Jayapura. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sebanyak 30 lansia berpartisipasi sebagai responden melalui total sampling. Pengukuran pengetahuan gizi menggunakan kuesioner terstandar berbasis Pedoman Gizi Seimbang, status gizi dinilai melalui Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), dan kualitas hidup diukur menggunakan instrumen WHOQOL-BREF. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan tingkat signifikansi p<0,05. Mayoritas lansia memiliki status gizi obesitas (53,3%) dan kualitas hidup yang tergolong baik terutama pada domain lingkungan (60,0%). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan gizi dengan kualitas hidup (p<0,001), namun tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi dengan kualitas hidup (p=0,063). Pengetahuan gizi yang baik berkontribusi positif terhadap kualitas hidup lansia. Intervensi edukasi gizi yang kontekstual dan berbasis budaya lokal perlu dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan lansia di wilayah pedesaan Papua.
Population aging in Indonesia, including in rural areas of Papua, poses new challenges in fulfilling nutritional needs and improving the quality of life of the elderly. Nutritional knowledge and nutritional status are two important factors that may influence the overall well-being of older adults. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutritional knowledge and nutritional status with the quality of life of elderly individuals at the Posyandu in Kampung Bambar, Jayapura Regency. This research employed a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. A total of 30 elderly respondents were selected through total sampling. Nutritional knowledge was assessed using a standardized questionnaire based on the Balanced Nutrition Guidelines, nutritional status was measured using Body Mass Index (BMI), and quality of life was measured using the WHOQOL-BREF instrument. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. The majority of elderly participants were classified as obese (53.3%) and had a good quality of life, particularly in the environmental domain (60.0%). A significant relationship was found between nutritional knowledge and quality of life (p<0.001), while no significant association was found between nutritional status and quality of life (p=0.063). Good nutritional knowledge contributes positively to the quality of life of elderly individuals. Contextual and culturally based nutrition education interventions need to be developed to improve the well-being of the elderly in rural areas of Papua.
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