KARAKTERISTIK DAN KOMORBIDITAS PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIS
CHARACTERISTICS AND COMORBIDITIES OF CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE PATIENTS
Keywords:
Gagal ginjal kronik, hipertensi, anemia, karakteristik pasienAbstract
Gagal ginjal kronik (GGK) merupakan kondisi serius dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat, terutama di negara berkembang. GGK sering dikaitkan dengan penyakit penyerta seperti hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, dan anemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi karakteristik pasien GGK dan riwayat komorbiditas di RSUD Prof. Dr. H. Aloei Saboe. Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dilakukan pada 272 pasien yang terdaftar di rumah sakit tahun 2023. Data dianalisis menggunakan distribusi frekuensi untuk variabel demografi dan penyakit penyerta.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas pasien adalah laki-laki (59,6%) dengan kelompok usia lansia (46–65 tahun, 61,4%). Sebagian besar pasien bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga (35,3%) dan memiliki pendidikan terakhir SMA (40,8%). Hipertensi dan anemia merupakan kombinasi komorbiditas yang paling umum (16,9%). Pentingnya penyediaan layanan kesehatan yang mendukung deteksi dini dan manajemen penyakit penyerta pada pasien GGK.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a serious condition with a steadily increasing prevalence, particularly in developing countries. CKD is often associated with comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and anemia. This study explores CKD patients' characteristics and comorbidity history at RSUD Prof. Dr. H. Aloei Saboe. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 272 patients registered at the hospital in 2023. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution for demographic variables and comorbidities. The results showed that most patients were male (59.6%) and belonged to the elderly age group (46–65 years, 61.4%). Most patients were housewives (35.3%) and had a high school education as their highest level of education (40.8%). A total of 43.4% of patients originated from Gorontalo City. Hypertension and anemia were the most common comorbidity combination (16.9%). Additionally, 17.9% of nephrolithiasis cases were identified in the comorbidity history of CKD patients in the 'other conditions' category. The importance of providing healthcare services that support early detection and management of comorbidities in CKD patients is highlighted.
Downloads
References
Agustini, R. (2010). Dampak dukungan keluarga dalam mempengaruhi kecemasan pada pasien penderita gagal ginjal kronik di RS Panti Rapih Yogyakarta. Skripsi Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan. Universitas Muhamadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta.
Apriani, E., Noer, R. M., Wulandari, Y., Keperawatan, I., & Bros, U. A. (2024). Hubungan Motivasi dan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kepatuhan Pasien CKD Menjalani Hemodialisa di RSUD Kota Tanjungpinang
BMKG Gorontalo. (2018). Rata – rata Suhu dan Kelembaban Udara Menurut Bulan di Kota Gorontalo, 2018
Cahyo, V. D., Nursanto, D., Risanti, E. D., & Dewi, L. (2021). Hubungan Hipertensi Dan Usia Terhadap Kejadian Kasus Gagal Ginjal Kronis Di Rsud Dr. Harjono S. Ponorogo.
Chartier, M. J., Tangri, N., Komenda, P., Walld, R., Koseva, I., Burchill, C., . . . Dart, A. (2018). Prevalence, socio-demographic characteristics, and comorbid health conditions in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease: results from the Manitoba chronic kidney disease cohort. BMC nephrology, 19, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-018-1058-3
CKD. (2020). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) management in primary care. Victoria: Melbourne.
Damanik, C. (2018). Self Management Behaviour Pada Pasien Yang Menjalani Hemodialisa. Jurnal Medika: Karya Ilmiah Kesehatan, 3(2), 11-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35728/jmkik.v3i2.42
Dame, A. M., Rayasari, F., Besral, B., Irawati, D., & Kurniasih, D. N. (2022). Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik yang Menjalani Hemodialisis. Jurnal keperawatan, 14(3), 831-844. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34011/juriskesbdg.v14i1.2031
Desy, R. P. M., Nila, Y. A., & Mahadri, D. (2022). Analisis Hubungan Antara Tingkat Pengetahuan Dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik. Pharmacoscript, 5(2), 136-156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36423/pharmacoscript.v5i2.964
García, G. G., Iyengar, A., Kaze, F., Kierans, C., Padilla-Altamira, C., & Luyckx, V. A. (2022). Sex and gender differences in chronic kidney disease and access to care around the globe. Seminars in nephrology, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semnephrol.2022.04.001
Inayah, A. I., Otto, S., Dungga, E. F., Ibrahim, S. A., & Ihsan, M. (2024). The Incidence of Anemia and Its Relationship With Nutritional Status (A Study on Female Students at SMA Negeri 3 Gorontalo). Jambura Medical and Health Science Journal, 3(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37905/jmhsj.v3i2.27165 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37905/jmhsj.v3i2.27165
Ji, A., Pan, C., Wang, H., Jin, Z., Lee, J. H., Wu, Q., . . . Cui, L. (2019). Prevalence and associated risk factors of chronic kidney disease in an elderly population from eastern China. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(22), 4383. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224383
Kemenkes RI. (2023a). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2022. Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Kemenkes RI. (2023b). Survei Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2023.
Kovesdy, C. P. (2022). Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease: an update 2022. Kidney Int Suppl (2011), 12(1), 7-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kisu.2021.11.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kisu.2021.11.003
Kurita, N., Horie, S., Yamazaki, S., Otani, K., Sekiguchi, M., Onishi, Y., . . . Kikuchi, S.-i. (2016). Low testosterone levels and reduced kidney function in Japanese adult men: the locomotive syndrome and health outcome in Aizu cohort study. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 17(4), 371. e371-371. e376. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2016.01.011
Lee, J. E. (2020). Karakteristik Penderita Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) di RS Universitas Hasanuddin Periode Januari 2018–Desember 2018 Universitas Hasanuddin].
MacRae, C., Mercer, S. W., Guthrie, B., & Henderson, D. (2021). Comorbidity in chronic kidney disease: a large cross-sectional study of prevalence in Scottish primary care. British Journal of General Practice, 71(704), e243-e249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20X714125
Mardiani, M., Dahrizal, D., & Maksuk, M. (2022). Efektifitas Manajemen Kelebihan Cairan terhadap Status Hidrasi Pasien Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) di Rumah Sakit. JHCN Journal of Health and Cardiovascular Nursing, 2(1), 28-35.
Morales, J., & Handelsman, Y. (2023). Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes and Kidney Disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 82(2), 161-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2023.04.052 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2023.04.052
Pranandhira, R. A. W., Rahman, E. Y., & Khatimah, H. (2023). Karakteristik Pasien Chronic Kidney Disease Yang Dilakukan Hemodialisis Di Rsud Ulin Banjarmasin Selama Pandemi COVID-19: Tinjauan Terhadap Usia, Jenis Kelamin, Pendidikan, Pekerjaan, Status Pernikahan, Riwayat Penyakit Penyerta, Riwayat Terpajan Virus COVID-19. Homeostasis, 6(1), 69-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20527/ht.v6i1.8790
Puspanegara, A. (2019). Pengaruh usia terhadap hubungan mekanisme koping dengan kecemasan ketika menjalani terapi hemodialisa bagi para penderita gagal ginjal kronik di Kabupaten Kuningan Jawabarat. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Husada: Health Sciences Journal, 10(2), 135-142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34305/jikbh.v10i2.102
Rahmawati, F. (2018). Aspek laboratorium gagal ginjal kronik. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma, 6(1), 14-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30742/jikw.v6i1.323
Said, S., & Hernandez, G. T. (2014). The link between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. J Nephropathol, 3(3), 99-104. https://doi.org/10.12860/jnp.2014.19
Siamben, A. L., Astrid, M., & Hastono, S. P. (2020). Efektivitas Training Efikasi Diri Terhadap Kepatuhan Pembatasan Cairan Dan Nilai Intradialytic Weight Gain Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik Yang Menjalani Hemodialisa Di Rs X Makassar. Jurnal Ilmiah Perawat Manado (Juiperdo), 8(02), 159-185. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47718/jpd.v8i02.1187
Sukandar. (2013). Mekanisme Kerusakan pada Penyakit Ginjal. ISO Farmakoterapi.
Tampake, R., & Doho, A. (2021). Karakteristik Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik Yang Menjalani Hemodialisa. Lentora Nursing Journal, 1(2), 39-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36085/jkmb.v9i2.1711
Taruna, A., Hidayat, H., Sjahriani, T., & Marek, Y. A. (2020). ubungan Kejadian Diabetes Mellitus dengan Derajat Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Berdasarkan Laju Filtrasi Gromerulus (LFG) Di Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin Bandar Lampung Tahun 2016. Jurnal Kedokteran Universitas Lampung, 4(2), 102-106.
Titah, N. A., MNS M, C. S. A., Ari, S., & Irma, H. (2019). S. Effectiveness combination of foot care with active range of motion (rom) and plantar exercise for reducing diabetic foot ulcer risk in diabetes mellitus type II. J Endocrinol Diabetes, 6(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15226/2374-6890/6/2/001131
Valdés-Rodríguez, B., Montero-Campos, V., & Siebecker, M. G. (2023). Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease of Non-Traditional Origin in Central America: An Approach Based on Medical Geology. Geosciences, 13(12), 360. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13120360
WHO. (2020). Physical Inactivity: A Global Health Problem. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-inactivity
Xu, W., Wang, S., Jiang, L., Sun, X., Wang, N., Liu, X., . . . Li, J. (2022). The influence of PM2. 5 exposure on kidney diseases. Human & Experimental Toxicology, 41, 09603271211069982. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271211069982
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2024 Dwi Cahyo Teguh Prasetya, Sri Manovita Pateda, Maimun Ihsan, Muhammad N. Syukriani Yusuf, Yuniarty Antu
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Keperawatan Tropis Papua (JKTP) agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant Jurnal Keperawatan Tropis Papua (JKTP) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY-SA that allows others to remix, adapt, build upon the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication and initial publication in this journal.
Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
