Integrasi kearifan lokal dalam program pelatihan tanggap darurat dan evakuasi sebagai strategi peningkatan kesiapsiagaan bencana : Integration of local wisdom in emergency response and evacuation training programs as a strategy to improve disaster preparedness

Guruh Suprayitno; Hugo Kingson Borneo

doi:10.47539/jktp.v8i1.453

Authors

Guruh Suprayitno Jurusan Keperawatan, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Jayapura
Hugo Kingson Borneo Jurusan Keperawatan, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Jayapura

Keywords:

Kesiapsiagaan bencana, pelatihan tanggap darurat, kearifan lokal, evakuasi, komunitas

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan negara dengan tingkat risiko bencana alam yang tinggi, sehingga diperlukan strategi efektif dalam meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pelatihan tanggap darurat dan evakuasi berbasis kearifan lokal dalam meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan bencana. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain quasi-eksperimen Pretest-posttest tanpa kelompok kontrol dengan 55 partisipan yang dipilih secara purposive. Intervensi berupa lima sesi pelatihan yang menggabungkan edukasi, simulasi, role play, dan praktik langsung dengan pendekatan kearifan lokal. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan kuesioner kesiapsiagaan dan observasi lapangan. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan tingkat kesiapsiagaan dari kategori rendah (71%) menjadi tinggi (58%) pasca pelatihan, dengan nilai uji Wilcoxon Z = -6,317 (p= <0,001). Skor rata-rata kesiapsiagaan juga meningkat di semua domain, khususnya pada keterampilan tindakan gawat darurat. Simulasi dan partisipasi tokoh adat memberikan dampak positif dalam menginternalisasi materi pelatihan secara kontekstual dan berkelanjutan. Pelatihan berbasis kearifan lokal terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat secara holistik.

Indonesia is a country with a high risk of natural disasters, making it essential to implement effective strategies to improve community preparedness. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of local wisdom-based emergency response and evacuation training in enhancing disaster preparedness. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design without a control group was employed, involving 55 participants selected purposively. The intervention consisted of five training sessions combining education, simulation, role play, and hands-on practice using a local wisdom approach. Evaluation was conducted using a preparedness questionnaire and field observations. The results showed a significant increase in preparedness level, from 71% categorized as low before the training to 58% categorized as high afterward, with a Wilcoxon test value of Z= -6.317 (p< 0.001). The average preparedness scores also increased across all domains, particularly in emergency response skills. Simulations and the involvement of traditional leaders had a positive impact on contextualizing and internalizing the training materials. Local wisdom-based training proved to be effective in holistically improving community disaster preparedness.

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