Efektivitas acceptance and commitment therapy based mindfulness terhadap kadar glukosa darah puasa pada pasien diabetes melitus
Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy based mindfulness on fasting blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus patients
Keywords:
Diabetes melitus tipe 2, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment therapy, glukosa darah puasaAbstract
Intervensi psikologis berbasis mindfulness dan Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) semakin dipertimbangkan sebagai pendekatan komplementer dalam pengelolaan diabetes melitus tipe 2, khususnya untuk meningkatkan kontrol glikemik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektivitas ACT based mindfulness terhadap kadar glukosa darah puasa pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Paccerakkang dan Puskesmas Sudiang, Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimental dengan pre–posttest control group design. Sampel terdiri dari 60 pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 yang aktif mengikuti kegiatan Prolanis dan dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling, kemudian dibagi ke dalam kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol masing-masing 30 responden. Kelompok intervensi mendapatkan ACT based mindfulness selama enam sesi mingguan dengan durasi 60 menit per sesi, sedangkan kelompok kontrol menerima perawatan rutin. Kadar glukosa darah puasa diukur menggunakan glukometer dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan Mann–Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan signifikan kadar glukosa darah puasa pada kelompok intervensi setelah pemberian intervensi (p < 0,001), sementara kelompok kontrol tidak menunjukkan perubahan yang bermakna (p = 0,155). Perbandingan nilai pascaintervensi antara kedua kelompok juga menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p = 0,031). ACT based mindfulness efektif dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah puasa pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dan berpotensi direkomendasikan sebagai intervensi psikologis komplementer dalam praktik keperawatan di layanan kesehatan primer.
Psychological interventions based on mindfulness and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) are increasingly considered complementary approaches in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly to improve glycemic control. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ACT-based mindfulness on fasting blood glucose levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Paccerakkang and Sudiang Primary Health Centers, Makassar City. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre–posttest control group design. The sample consisted of 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who actively participated in the Prolanis program and were selected using consecutive sampling, then divided into an intervention group and a control group, each comprising 30 respondents. The intervention group received ACT-based mindfulness for six weekly sessions with a duration of 60 minutes per session, while the control group received routine care. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured using a glucometer and analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney tests. The results showed a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose levels in the intervention group after the intervention (p < 0.001), whereas no significant change was observed in the control group (p = 0.155). Post-intervention comparison between the two groups also demonstrated a significant difference (p = 0.031). ACT-based mindfulness is effective in reducing fasting blood glucose levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and may be recommended as a complementary psychological intervention in nursing practice within primary health care settings.
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