Hubungan dukungan sosial dan stres ibu hamil usia dini di Puskesmas Totoli Kabupaten Majene
Social support and stress among adolesscent pregnant in Totoli public health center, Majene Regency
Keywords:
Dukungan sosial, stres, ibu hamil, usia diniAbstract
Stres pada ibu hamil usia dini merupakan masalah kesehatan yang dapat berdampak negatif terhadap kesejahteraan ibu dan janin. Kehamilan pada usia kurang dari 20 tahun sering disertai dengan ketidaksiapan fisik, psikologis, dan sosial sehingga meningkatkan risiko stres selama kehamilan. Dukungan sosial berperan sebagai faktor protektif dalam menurunkan tingkat stres pada ibu hamil usia dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara dukungan sosial dan tingkat stres pada ibu hamil usia dini di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Totoli, Kabupaten Majene. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 57 ibu hamil usia <20 tahun yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) dan Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki dukungan sosial tinggi (63,2%) dan tingkat stres rendah (75,4%). Proporsi stres tinggi lebih banyak ditemukan pada ibu dengan dukungan sosial rendah dibandingkan ibu dengan dukungan sosial tinggi. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara dukungan sosial dan tingkat stres pada ibu hamil usia dini (p < 0,001). Penguatan dukungan keluarga dan lingkungan sosial penting dalam upaya pencegahan stres prenatal.
Stress among adolescent pregnant women is a health concern that can negatively affect the well-being of both the mother and the fetus. Pregnancy at an age younger than 20 years is often accompanied by physical, psychological, and social unpreparedness, thereby increasing the risk of stress during pregnancy. Social support plays a protective role in reducing stress levels among adolescent pregnant women. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between social support and stress levels among adolescent pregnant women in the working area of Totoli Public Health Center, Majene Regency. This study employed a descriptive correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 57 pregnant women aged <20 years selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that most respondents had high social support (63.2%) and low stress levels (75.4%). High stress levels were more frequently found among mothers with low social support compared to those with high social support. Bivariate analysis indicated a significant relationship between social support and stress levels among adolescent pregnant women (p < 0.001). Strengthening family and social support is therefore important in preventing prenatal stress.
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