HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK CAREGIVER DENGAN TINGKAT SELF-EFFICACY DALAM MERAWAT IBU DENGAN DIABETES MELLITUS GESTASIONAL
RELATIONSHIP CAREGIVER CHARACTERISTICS AND SELF-EFFICACY LEVELS IN CARING FOR MOTHERS WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Keywords:
self efficacy, caregiver family, diabetes mellitus gestasional , ibu hamilAbstract
Diabetes mellitus gestasional (DMG) dapat berdampak fatal jika tidak ditangani dengan tepat, karena dapat merusak kesehatan ibu dan janin. Self-efficacy yang tinggi pada caregiver berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup ibu dengan DMG, karena mampu mendukung manajemen kesehatan ibu serta memberikan dukungan psikologis dan emosional yang lebih stabil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik caregiver dengan self-efficacy. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Tuban dengan menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 81 caregiver yang mendampingi ibu dengan DMG yang berkunjung ke Poli Hamil dan Puskesmas, yang dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat self-efficacy sebagian besar berada pada kategori tinggi (55,6%). Karakteristik caregiver yang berhubungan dengan self-efficacy adalah jenis kelamin (p= 0,033; OR 7,56 CI 95% 3,90 – 63,65), pendidikan (p= 0,046) dan penghasilan (p= 0,016; OR 3,67 CI 95% 1,22 – 10,99). Caregiver perempuan memiliki peluang 7,568 kali lebih besar untuk memiliki self-efficacy tinggi dibandingkan laki-laki. Caregiver dengan penghasilan ≥Rp 1.851.083 memiliki peluang 3,674 kali lebih besar untuk memiliki self-efficacy tinggi dibandingkan individu dengan penghasilan <Rp 1.851.083. Self-efficacy yang tinggi pada caregiver diharapkan dapat mendukung pengelolaan kesehatan ibu secara optimal dan mengurangi risiko komplikasi.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can have fatal consequences if not properly managed, as it can harm the health of both the mother and the fetus. High self-efficacy among caregivers plays an important role in improving the quality of life of mothers with GDM by supporting maternal health management and providing more stable psychological and emotional support. This study aims to determine the relationship between caregiver characteristics and self-efficacy. The study was conducted in Tuban Regency using a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 81 caregivers accompanying mothers with GDM at maternity clinics and public health centers, selected using consecutive sampling. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that most caregivers had high self-efficacy (55.6%). Caregiver characteristics significantly associated with self-efficacy were gender (p= 0.033; OR 7.56, 95% CI 3.90–63.65), education (p= 0.046), and income (p= 0.016; OR 3.67, 95% CI 1.22–10.99). Female caregivers were 7.568 times more likely to have high self-efficacy than male caregivers. Caregivers with an income of ≥IDR 1,851,083 were 3.674 times more likely to have high self-efficacy than those earning <IDR 1,851,083. High self-efficacy among caregivers is expected to support optimal maternal health management and reduce the risk of complications.
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